See ćwik in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "ćwik"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "ćwik"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "gmh:zwic<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Sławski, Franciszek (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1958-1965), “ćwik 2”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, <cite>Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego</cite> [<cite>Etymological dictionary of the Polish language</cite>] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego</span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">Bańkowski, Andrzej (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2000), “ćwik I”, in <cite>Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego</cite> [<cite>Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language</cite>] (in Polish)</span></span>>",
"etydate": "1399",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"zwic\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"ćwik\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }\" data-lang=\"zlw-opl\" data-title=\"ćwik\">\nBorrowed from Middle High German zwic. First attested in 1399.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Distelzwick"
},
"expansion": "German Distelzwick",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle High German zwic. First attested in 1399. Compare modern dialectal German Distelzwick.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ćwik m animacy unattested",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an!"
},
"expansion": "ćwik m animacy unattested",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
40,
45
]
],
"ref": "1856-1870 [1399], Antoni Zygmunt Helcel, editor, Starodawne Prawa Polskiego Pomniki, volume VIII, number 9314:",
"text": "Iaco krogulecz v Dobka moy byl, na ymyø czwik",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sparrowhawk trained or equipped for hunting"
],
"id": "en-ćwik-zlw-opl-noun-4sRQZvzu",
"links": [
[
"sparrowhawk",
"sparrowhawk"
],
[
"hunting",
"hunting"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕʲfik/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕʲfik/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "ćwik"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "ćwik"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"word": "ćwik"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "gmh:zwic<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Sławski, Franciszek (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1958-1965), “ćwik 2”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, <cite>Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego</cite> [<cite>Etymological dictionary of the Polish language</cite>] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego</span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">Bańkowski, Andrzej (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2000), “ćwik I”, in <cite>Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego</cite> [<cite>Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language</cite>] (in Polish)</span></span>>",
"etydate": "1399",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"zwic\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"ćwik\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }\" data-lang=\"zlw-opl\" data-title=\"ćwik\">\nBorrowed from Middle High German zwic. First attested in 1399.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Distelzwick"
},
"expansion": "German Distelzwick",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle High German zwic. First attested in 1399. Compare modern dialectal German Distelzwick.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ćwik m animacy unattested",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an!"
},
"expansion": "ćwik m animacy unattested",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries referencing missing etymons",
"Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Old Polish entries with etymon",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish masculine nouns",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms borrowed from Middle High German",
"Old Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"zlw-opl:Birds"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
40,
45
]
],
"ref": "1856-1870 [1399], Antoni Zygmunt Helcel, editor, Starodawne Prawa Polskiego Pomniki, volume VIII, number 9314:",
"text": "Iaco krogulecz v Dobka moy byl, na ymyø czwik",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sparrowhawk trained or equipped for hunting"
],
"links": [
[
"sparrowhawk",
"sparrowhawk"
],
[
"hunting",
"hunting"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕʲfik/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕʲfik/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "ćwik"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ćwik meaning in Old Polish (2.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.